Natamycin in Food Preservation Applications

Natamycin is a natural antifungal compound widely used in food preservation, particularly for preventing spoilage caused by yeasts and molds. Here's a detailed look at how it works and where it's commonly used:

What is Natamycin?

Type: Polyene macrolide antifungal

Origin: Produced by the bacterium Streptomyces natalensis

Regulatory Approval: Approved by food safety authorities such as EFSA, FDA, and WHO (E number: E235)

Why Use Natamycin?

Natural Origin: Suitable for clean-label and natural product formulations

Low Solubility: Stays on the food surface, where spoilage mostly begins

Broad Antifungal Spectrum: Effective against many yeasts and molds, not bacteria

Low Toxicity:  Safe for consumption with minimal absorption in the digestive tract

Heat-Stable:  Withstands pasteurization and mild processing

Common Food Applications

1.     Cheese

Function: Prevents surface mold growth during aging/storage

Application: Spraying or dipping cheese in natamycin solution

2.     Baked Goods

Function: Inhibits mold growth without affecting yeast fermentation

Application: Surface spraying on bread, tortillas, and cakes

3.     Sausages and Cured Meats

Function: Prevents fungal spoilage, especially in vacuum-sealed or sliced meats

4.     Fruit Juices & Yogurt

Sometimes used in dairy and fruit-based products, particularly in tropical climates

How Is It Applied?

Surface Spraying:  Direct spray on food surface (e.g., cheese wheels, bread loaves)

Dipping: Immersing product in natamycin solution for even coating

Incorporation in Packaging: Coating or embedding in food packaging materials (antifungal films)

Mechanism of Action

Natamycin binds to ergosterol, a key component of fungal cell membranes

Disrupts membrane integrity → inhibits fungal growth

Does not kill bacteria → helps preserve flavor & fermentation cultures

Clean Label & Sustainability

Often marketed as a natural alternative to synthetic preservatives (e.g., sorbates or benzoates)

Popular in organic, non-GMO, or clean-label product lines